Ntxiv nrog rau keeb kwm zoo thiab kev kuaj lub cev, kev ua haujlwm ntshav feem ntau yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev mus ntsib kws kho tsiaj rau koj tus phooj ywg feline. Thaum cov txiaj ntsig tuaj, txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum koj yuav xav tias-cov txiaj ntsig no txhais li cas? Puas yog qhov tshwm sim txawv txav txhais tau tias kuv tus miv mob?
Cov kab lus hauv qab no yuav tham txog kev qhia txog ntshav ua haujlwm hauv miv, kuaj ntshav ib txwm ua, thiab qee qhov txiaj ntsig yuav qhia koj tus kws kho tsiaj txog koj tus menyuam noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
Vim li cas miv thiaj xav tau ntshav ua haujlwm?
Kev ua haujlwm ntshav feem ntau ua rau miv vim ntau yam, suav nrog:
- Preanesthetic screening of he althy felines: Koj tus kws kho tsiaj yuav pom zoo ua ntshav ua ntej tshuaj loog rau cov txheej txheem xws li spay, neuter, lossis tu hniav. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav Preanesthetic yuav tso cai rau koj tus kws kho tsiaj kom ntsuas zoo dua seb koj tus tsiaj puas yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua rau tshuaj loog lossis phais mob.
- Raws li ib feem ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas ib xyoos ib zaug: Cov ntshav txhua xyoo rau koj tus khub feline tej zaum yuav zoo li nkees lossis kim thaum lawv nyob zoo. Kev ua haujlwm ib xyoos ib zaug, txawm li cas los xij, tseem ceeb heev-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov miv laus-raws li nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txheeb xyuas ntxov thiab kev kho mob ntev, xws li kab mob raum lossis hyperthyroidism. Lub koom haum American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) pom zoo kom txiav txim siab txhua xyoo cov ntshav ua haujlwm hauv miv pib ntawm hnub nyoog 7-10 xyoo, nrog ntau zaus thaum lawv loj tuaj.
- Txhawm rau ntsuas tus miv uas tsis xis nyob: Cov miv uas muaj cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog, poob phaus, lossis hloov pauv kev noj haus lossis haus dej yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ntxiv ntawm kws kho tsiaj. tsev kho mob. Ntshav ua haujlwm yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas yuav siv los ntawm koj tus kws kho tsiaj los ntsuas qhov ua tau ntawm koj tus miv cov tsos mob.
Kev kuaj ntshav rau Felines
Los ntawm cov kab mob parasitic, mus rau kab mob plawv, thiab txhua qhov chaw nyob nruab nrab, muaj ntau yam mob feline tuaj yeem kuaj tau nrog kev pab ntawm cov ntshav ua haujlwm. Ntau qhov kev kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem ua tau rau tib hnub hauv koj lub chaw kho tsiaj. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov xav tau cov qauv uas raug xa mus rau lub chaw soj nstuam siv, thiab yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig.
Thaum muaj kev kuaj ntshav ntau rau cov felines, feem ntau kuaj ntshav uas yuav pom zoo rau koj tus miv suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Tag nrho cov ntshav suav (CBC): CBC muab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb, thiab platelets. Qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem muab pov thawj rau qhov muaj ntau yam mob, suav nrog ntshav ntshav (cov ntshav liab qis), cov mob inflammatory, lossis mob qog noj ntshav.
- Blood chemistry panel: Cov ntshav chemistry lossis biochemical profile muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub cev, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov protein, thiab cov ntshav qabzib.
- Thyroid test: Kev kuaj cov thyroid hauv koj tus miv yuav suav nrog kev ntsuas cov tshuaj hormones T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), dawb T4, thiab TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone.). Kev ntsuas ntawm cov tshuaj hormones no yog siv los ntsuas rau hyperthyroidism, ib yam kab mob hauv nruab nrab thiab laus dua felines.
- Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA): SDMA yog ib qho tshuaj ntsuam xyuas uas muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub raum ua haujlwm. Kev nce siab ntxiv SDMA tuaj yeem siv los kuaj xyuas kab mob raum thaum ntxov (CKD) hauv cov tsiaj, ib qho mob cuam tshuam txog li 60% ntawm cov miv geriatric.
- B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) kev ntsuas: BNP yog cov cim ntawm cov kab mob plawv uas yuav siv los tshuaj xyuas cov miv uas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau mob plawv, miv nrog cov tsos mob ua pa. Tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kab mob plawv, lossis miv uas yuav raug tshuaj loog.
- SNAP FeLV/FIV combo test: Tus kab mob Feline leukemia (FeLV) thiab Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) yog ib qho ua rau muaj kab mob sib kis hauv miv uas pom thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP), kev sim rau FeLV thiab FIV raug pom zoo thaum tau txais tus miv tshiab, ua ntej txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov mob no, tom qab kis tus kab mob feline, lossis thaum tus miv mob.
- Heartworm: Heartworm yog kab mob cab uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv, ntsws, thiab cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam ntawm cov miv. Ntau qhov kev sim sib txawv muaj nyob thiab tuaj yeem siv los tshuaj xyuas cov kab mob plawv hauv felines.
Specific Laboratory Values thiab Lawv Txhais Li Cas
Ntau yam kev kuaj ntshav, xws li cov rau FeLV/FIV lossis kab mob plawv, muab cov txiaj ntsig ncaj nraim “zoo” lossis “tsis zoo”.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, xws li CBC lossis ntshav chemistry vaj huam sib luag, txawm li cas los xij, xav tau kev txhais lus ntxiv los ntawm koj tus kws kho tsiaj kom txiav txim siab seb qhov tshwm sim txawv txav txhais li cas. Cov ntshav ua haujlwm tseem ceeb yuav raug ntsuas raws li siab, qis, lossis ib txwm muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv ntau yam tshwj xeeb rau lub tshuab uas ua qhov kev sim.
Yog tias koj tus miv tau ua haujlwm ntshav ua haujlwm, cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no pom hauv CBC thiab ntshav chemistry pawg yuav raug tshuaj xyuas:
CBC
- Hematocrit: Hematocrit yog feem pua ntawm cov ntshav uas muaj cov qe ntshav liab. Qhov siab hematocrit tus nqi hauv miv feem ntau yog qhov thib ob rau lub cev qhuav dej. Qhov qis hematocrit, tseem hu ua anemia, tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav poob (los ntawm kev raug mob los yog kab mob cab), txo qis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab (los ntawm cov xwm txheej xws li FeLV, mob qog noj ntshav, lossis kab mob raum ntev), lossis ua kom cov ntshav liab ntau ntxiv. cov hlwb (los ntawm cov kab mob sib kis, co toxins, lossis kev tiv thaiv kab mob). Hematocrit feem ntau raug soj ntsuam ua ke nrog hemoglobin thiab RBC qhov tseem ceeb.
- White blood cells (WBC): WBC yog ib pawg ntawm cov hlwb uas pab tiv thaiv kab mob ua ib feem ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tshwj xeeb WBC ntsuas ntawm CBC suav nrog lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, thiab basophils. Kev suav WBC siab yuav qhia tau tias muaj kab mob, mob, lossis mob qog noj ntshav.
- Platelets: Platelets yog cov hlwb tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv cov ntshav txhaws. Platelets tuaj yeem nce siab hauv cov mob qog noj ntshav lossis mob o. Tsis tshua muaj platelets, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog ib qho kev tshawb pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav feline, vim tias platelets feem ntau yuav sib sau ua ke ua rau muaj kev suav txo qis. Qhov tseeb ua rau cov qe ntshav qis hauv miv suav nrog cov kab mob sib kis xws li FeLV lossis FIV, feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), mob qog noj ntshav, lossis lwm yam mob.
Ntsuab chemistry panel
- Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT):ALT yog ib qho enzyme tso tawm tom qab raug mob lossis puas rau daim siab. Koj tus miv yuav muaj qhov nce siab ALT vim yog mob, kis kab mob, lossis mob qog noj ntshav cuam tshuam rau lub siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xwm txheej xws li ntshav qab zib, hyperthyroidism, pancreatitis, lossis kab mob plab hnyuv (IBD) feem ntau ua rau nce siab hauv ALT.
- Albumin: Albumin yog cov protein tseem ceeb hauv cov ntshav peripheral. Qib qis ntawm albumin yuav qhia tau tias mob plab, raum, lossis kab mob siab ntev, nrog rau cov ntshav poob loj. Cov qib albumin siab tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lub cev qhuav dej.
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP): ALP yog ib qho enzyme muaj nyob rau hauv daim siab, pob txha, thiab lwm yam ntaub so ntswg. ALP tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob siab, xws li hepatic lipidosis, lossis cholangiohepatitis (mob ntawm daim siab thiab cov kua tsib). Qhov siab ALP tuaj yeem yog qhov qub hauv cov tsiaj loj hlob.
- Ntshav urea nitrogen (BUN): BUN sawv cev rau qhov concentration ntawm urea (ib cov khoom pov tseg uas ua los ntawm lub siab, uas yog tawm los ntawm ob lub raum) hauv cov ntshav. Ua rau BUN nce siab suav nrog lub cev qhuav dej, kab mob raum, thiab GI los ntshav.
- Calcium: Calcium yog ib qho tseem ceeb mineral ntsuas nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Feem ntau ua rau siab calcium nyob rau hauv miv muaj xws li mob qog noj ntshav thiab idiopathic hypercalcemia (nce calcium uas tsis paub tseeb).
- Cholesterol: Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho lipid uas tau tsim hauv daim siab thiab nqus los ntawm zaub mov. Kev nce qib ntawm tus nqi no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav tom qab noj mov (tom qab noj mov), ntshav qab zib, lossis mob pancreatitis. Cov ntshav calcium uas qis yuav raug sau tseg thaum muaj kab mob siab ntev lossis tshaib plab.
- Creatinine: Creatinine yog cov khoom pov tseg uas tsim los ntawm cov leeg thiab tawm hauv cov zis. Nce creatinine nyob rau hauv miv yog pom nrog lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm, thaum lub sij hawm tsawg ntawm cov nqi no yuav pom tau nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj nrog ib tug nyias lub cev mob los yog cov leeg nqaij poob.
- Globulin: Globulins yog ib pawg ntawm cov protein ntau pom hauv cov ntshav. Kev nce siab hauv tus nqi no tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej, mob ntev, mob qog noj ntshav, lossis FIP. Tsawg globulin tej zaum yuav pom muaj kab mob GI lossis lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
- Glucose: Glucose, tseem hu ua ntshav qab zib, tuaj yeem nce siab hauv felines vim ntshav qab zib lossis hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's disease), nrog rau theem nrab rau epinephrine tso tawm hauv miv ntxhov siab..
- Phosphorous: Phosphorous feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov pob txha, txawm li cas los xij, kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov ntshav. Feem ntau ua rau siab phosphorous hauv miv muaj xws li txo lub raum ua haujlwm thiab hyperthyroidism.
- Tag nrho bilirubin (Tbil): Bilirubin yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Kev nce qib ntawm tus nqi no tuaj yeem pom vim muaj kab mob siab lossis hemolytic anemia.
- Tag nrho cov protein (TP): Tus nqi no suav nrog albumin, globulin, thiab lwm yam proteins. Ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig siab thiab qis zoo ib yam li cov ntawv sau tseg rau albumin thiab globulin.
Conclusion
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov ntshav ua haujlwm yog ib qho cuab yeej pab tau zoo kawg nkaus rau kev ntsuam xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm koj tus miv, thiab tej zaum yuav raug pom zoo rau koj tus tsiaj hauv ntau lub sijhawm. Yog tias koj tus miv tau ua haujlwm hauv chaw kuaj mob, koj tuaj yeem cia siab tias koj tus kws kho tsiaj yuav ntsuas lawv cov ntshav ua haujlwm, nrog rau lawv cov keeb kwm thiab kev kuaj xyuas lub cev, txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb cov txiaj ntsig txawv txav xav tau kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv lossis kev kho mob.
