Dog tau ntev tau paub txog lawv lub siab xav hnov tsw, thiab qhov no tau ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb tau raug cob qhia kom siv lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev hnov tsw los xyuas kom pom cov khoom tsis raug cai. Cov dev no feem ntau siv los ntawm cov koom haum tub ceev xwm los pab nrhiav cov tshuaj yeeb uas raug nyiag los yog raug muab pov tseg. Cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb kuj siv tau hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab lwm qhov chaw pej xeem los pab tiv thaiv kev siv yeeb tshuaj.
Thaum muaj ntau hom dev sniffer, qee qhov nrov tshaj plaws tau kos los ntawm kev ua haujlwm dev xws li German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, thiab Golden Retrievers. Tus yuam sij rau kev cob qhia tus dev kom paub tshuaj zoo yog tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus dev thiab nws tus tuav thiab txuas ntxiv txhawb tus dev qhov kev paub txog kev paub. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog rau kev kawm paub txog kev tshawb nrhiav, cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau npaj rau kev ua haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj siab ntawm qee cov pej xeem uas tsis tuaj yeem xav txog.
Vim li no, kev cob qhia kev mloog lus, kev cob qhia agility, thiab kev cob qhia kev tiv thaiv tus neeg saib xyuas kuj tseem ceeb heev rau kev kawm txog tshuaj tua dev. Mus saib kab lus no kom paub txhua yam koj yuav tsum paub. hais txog kev cob qhia tus dev nrhiav tshuaj.
Dab Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas Ua Li Cas?
Yog tias koj puas tau pom ib tus dev siv tshuaj yeeb-piv txwv li hauv tshav dav hlau lossis chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau-koj yuav xav tsis thoob li cas lawv tuaj yeem hnia cov khoom tsis raug cai. Nws hloov tawm tias cov dev no muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm qhov hnov tsw uas tso cai rau lawv txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov dev tuaj yeem raug cob qhia kom siv lawv qhov kev hnov ntxhiab tsw zoo heev txhawm rau txheeb xyuas ntau txhiab yam khoom.
Ntawm no yog nws ua haujlwm li cas: dev muaj ntau zaus olfactory receptors ntau dua li tib neeg, uas txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem hnov txog yam uas peb xav tsis thoob. Thaum tus dev tsw ib yam dab tsi, nws tsis yog hnov qab nws lub qhov ntswg xwb. Lub olfactory system txuas mus rau tag nrho txoj kev mus rau lub hlwb, qhov twg tshwj xeeb receptors tso cai rau dev ua tsis hnov tsw nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas peb ua tsis tau. A aub's olfactory receptors muaj txog li 100, 000 lub sij hawm rhiab ntau dua li tib neeg, ua rau lawv yog cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj. Qhov no ua rau lawv zoo meej rau kev nrhiav tshuaj uas muab zais rau hauv lub nra lossis ntawm tib neeg. Thiab txawm hais tias lawv yuav tsis yog 100% tseeb txhua lub sijhawm, lawv feem ntau zoo nkauj los nrhiav qhov lawv tab tom nrhiav.
Cov dev tuaj yeem raug cob qhia kom kuaj tau ntau yam tshuaj, suav nrog tshuaj maj, tshuaj yeeb, tshuaj methamphetamine, thiab heroin. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem raug cob qhia txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm. Thaum ib tug kws qhia tshuaj dev sniffs nyob ib ncig ntawm ib cheeb tsam, lawv yeej noj nyob rau hauv ib tug qauv ntawm cov huab cua thiab soj ntsuam nws rau cov kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog tias muaj tshuaj nyob hauv, tus dev yuav ceeb toom lawv tus neeg tuav pov hwm los ntawm zaum lossis pw los yog barking. Qhov teeb liab no ua rau tus neeg tuav ntaub ntawv paub tias muaj tshuaj nyob hauv cheeb tsam thiab tso cai rau lawv ua qhov tsim nyog, xws li tshawb nrhiav thiab txeeb cov khoom tsis raug cai.
Dab tsi yog hom kev cob qhia sib txawv rau kev kuaj tshuaj dev?
Muaj plaub hom kev cob qhia rau cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb: hnov ntxhiab tsw, kev mloog lus dav dav, ceev nrooj, thiab kev tiv thaiv tus tuav.
Smell Recognition Training
Smell recognition Training yog hom kev cob qhia tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov dev no, vim nws yog qhov tso cai rau lawv ua lawv txoj haujlwm zoo. Cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb feem ntau tau txais kev cob qhia ntau ua ntej lawv tau lees paub rau lub luag haujlwm. Qhov kev cob qhia no feem ntau suav nrog kev txhawb nqa zoo, uas pab tus dev kom koom nrog tus cwj pwm xav tau nrog nqi zog.
Thaum lub sijhawm kawm paub hnov tsw, tus dev raug ntau yam ntxhiab tsw, sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Lawv yuav tsum kawm kom paub cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm cov khoom uas lawv tab tom nrhiav thiab tsis quav ntsej tag nrho lwm cov ntxhiab tsw. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyuaj rau qee tus dev, tab sis nrog kev ua siab ntev thiab kev cob qhia zoo ib yam, ntau tus dev muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov dev no tau kawm tiav los koom nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm lub hom phiaj nrog kev txhawb nqa zoo, xws li khoom ua si lossis khoom noj khoom haus.
Thaum tus dev tau kawm paub cov tshuaj tsw qab uas lawv tab tom nrhiav, lawv yuav tsum kawm kom ceeb toom lawv tus tuav thaum lawv pom. Cov dev tuaj yeem raug cob qhia los zaum lossis sawv thaum lawv pom cov tshuaj, uas yog qhov qhia tsis tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dev yuav ua rau muaj kev txhoj puab heev ntawm qhov chaw, xws li barking, khawb, lossis pawing.
Obedience Training
Kev cob qhia kev mloog lus dav dav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua tus dev ua haujlwm hauv tub ceev xwm, vim nws pab lawv ua raws li cov lus txib thiab nyob twj ywm thaum ua haujlwm. Kev cob qhia kev mloog lus yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tus dev txoj cai txoj haujlwm. Cov dev uas mloog lus rau lawv cov neeg tuav ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob lossis tuag.
Kev mloog lus qhuab qhia qhia tus dev kom teb cov lus txib los ntawm lawv tus tuav, thiab cov lus teb no tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai. Tus dev uas raug cob qhia kom ua raws li cov lus txib feem ntau yuav mloog lawv cov lus txib thiab ua kom tsis txhob raug mob.
Kev txhawb nqa zoo yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev mloog lus, thiab nws tuaj yeem pab tus dev kawm teb sai thiab raug rau cov lus txib. Cov dev uas tau txais txiaj ntsig rau kev ua raws li cov lus txib feem ntau yuav ua raws li cov lus txib no, txawm tias muaj xwm txheej nyuaj lossis txaus ntshai.
Agility Training
Kev cob qhia nrawm yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj yeeb. Kev muaj peev xwm txav tau sai thiab tsis muaj zog los ntawm qhov chaw nruj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov dev no, vim tias lawv yuav tsum nkag mus rau qhov chaw me me txhawm rau tshawb nrhiav tshuaj. Kev cob qhia agility pab lawv txhim kho cov txuj ci no, thiab tseem qhia lawv yuav ua li cas teb tau zoo rau lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm cov lus txib. Hom kev cob qhia no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov dev nrhiav tshuaj, vim nws tso cai rau lawv ua lawv txoj haujlwm zoo thiab ua tau zoo.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus tuav thiab tus aub, ntxiv rau kev cob qhia kev tiv thaiv tus tuav yog ob qho tib si yuav tsum muaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog cov dev no. Muaj ntau yam txaus ntshai uas cov dev nrhiav tshuaj tau ntsib ntawm txoj haujlwm. Tej zaum lawv yuav raug siv tshuaj thiab tshuaj uas tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj lossis ua rau tuag taus. Tej zaum lawv kuj yuav raug tua los ntawm cov neeg uas tsis xav kom lawv nrhiav lawv cov tshuaj los yog khiav dim. Handler tiv thaiv kev cob qhia pab dev thiab dev handlers kawm paub tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej thiab lawv cov dev los ntawm cov xwm txheej no. Nws kuj pab lawv kawm paub kho thiab tu lawv cov dev.
Dab Siv Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Hauv Qhov Twg?
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb siv tshuaj ntau yam, suav nrog tshav dav hlau, tsev kawm ntawv, thiab tsev loj cuj. Cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb kuj siv ntau lub tebchaws, xws li Australia, Canada, thiab United Kingdom. Hauv qee lub tebchaws no, cov dev siv yeeb tshuaj kuj tau siv rau hauv cov chaw pej xeem, xws li cov suab paj nruag festivals, nightclubs, thiab bars. Cov tshuaj dev kuj qee zaum siv los tshuaj xyuas cov tsev ntiag tug.
Qhov Zoo Ntawm Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Dogs
Drug detection dev tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam nyob rau hauv kev ua tsov rog tawm tsam tshuaj vim lawv muaj ntau yam zoo. Ib qho txiaj ntsig yog tias lawv tuaj yeem npog thaj tsam loj sai. Ib tus dev tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas tag nrho lub tsev hauv ib feeb. Qhov no yog sai dua li ib pab neeg ntawm tib neeg tuaj yeem cia siab tshawb nrhiav. Lwm qhov laj thawj yog tias cov dev muaj lub siab xav hnov tsw. Lawv tuaj yeem ntes tau cov tshuaj me me uas tej zaum yuav muab zais cia. Qhov no ua rau lawv zoo heev ntawm kev nrhiav tshuaj txhaum cai ua ntej lawv siv tau.
Thaum kawg, cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb kuj tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Lawv tsis tas yuav tshawb xyuas cov khoom ntiag tug lossis cov kab noj hniav hauv lub cev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem siv yam tsis ua txhaum tib neeg txoj cai ntiag tug. Cov neeg ua txhaum cai feem ntau zam txhua qhov chaw lossis kev lag luam nrog cov neeg saib xyuas canine, nyiam los tsom rau qhov chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua nrog kev ruaj ntseg tsis muaj zog. Ua li no, cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb feem ntau dhau los ua kev cuam tshuam rau lawv tus kheej.
Disadvantages of Drug Detection Dogs
Txawm hais tias cov dev nrhiav tshuaj tau siv dav hauv Tebchaws Meskas, muaj qee qhov tsis zoo rau kev siv. Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yog tias lawv qee zaum muab qhov tsis zoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv yuav qhia tau tias muaj tshuaj muaj nyob txawm tias lawv tsis muaj. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus tuav kuj tuaj yeem ua teeb meem. Qhov no yog thaum tus tswv ntawm tus dev cuam tshuam tus dev kom muab qhov qhia tau zoo, txawm tias tsis muaj tshuaj. Rau cov laj thawj no, qee cov neeg sib cav tias kev siv tshuaj tua dev yog ua txhaum tib neeg txoj cai.
Cov lus nug nquag nug (FAQs)
Kev siv tshuaj tua dev yog nrov zuj zus los ua ib txoj hauv kev los txwv kev siv yeeb tshuaj thiab kev lag luam. Tab sis cov dev no ua haujlwm li cas? Thiab lawv puas siv tau? Cia peb saib qee cov lus nug uas nquag nug txog cov dev nrhiav tshuaj.
Dab Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Zoo Li Cas?
Cov dev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj yeeb tau pom tias muaj tseeb hauv cov kev tshawb fawb tswj, nrog cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm tsawg dua 5%. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xwm txheej hauv ntiaj teb no tuaj yeem nyuaj dua thiab yuav ua rau muaj ntau dua ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua los sim teb cov lus nug no, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau sib xyaw. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov dev nrhiav tshuaj muaj tseeb, nrog rau kev ua tiav ntawm 60% -80%. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov dev no tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab, nrog kev ua tiav ntawm 20-30% xwb.
Yog li, qhov tseeb yog dab tsi? Nws zoo nkaus li tias cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb yuav muaj tseeb me ntsis, tab sis lawv yeej tsis zoo tag nrho, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb yog kev txhawj xeeb tiag tiag.
Puas muaj ib tug dev cob qhia los ua ib tug dev kuaj tshuaj?
Yog, nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, txhua tus dev tuaj yeem raug cob qhia los ua tus dev nrhiav tshuaj. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tus dev muaj lub siab xav ua haujlwm thiab txaus siab rau nws tus tuav. Cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb yuav tsum muaj lub zog siab thiab muaj peev xwm mloog zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tus dev kuj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm cais tawm ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw txawv thiab tsis quav ntsej kev cuam tshuam.
Hauv kev xyaum, German Shepherd dev, Ciam Teb Collies, English Springer Spaniels, Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, Belgian Malinois, thiab Labrador Retrievers feem ntau siv rau kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj.
Tshav Dav Hlau Ntev Ntev npaum li cas los cob qhia tus dev Sniffer?
Sniffer dev raug cob qhia kom siv lawv lub siab xav hnov tsw los xyuas ntau yam khoom, nrog rau cov khoom tawg, tshuaj, thiab ntshav. Cov txheej txheem kev cob qhia yog ntev thiab yuav tsum muaj kev ua siab ntev thiab rov ua dua. Thawj ob peb lub hlis yog siv qhia tus dev kev mloog lus cov lus txib thiab kev sib raug zoo. Thaum tus dev muaj lub hauv paus zoo, tus kws qhia tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb nrhiav kom pom.
Nws feem ntau yuav siv li ntawm 2 mus rau 6 lub hlis los cob qhia tus dev sniffer rau txhua yam khoom uas lawv xav tau. Cov txheej txheem no rov ua dua thiab dhau mus txog thaum tus dev muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau cov khoom xav tau. Cov dev sniffer yuav tsum tau lees paub ua ntu zus kom ntseeg tau tias lawv nyob twj ywm thiab muaj tseeb hauv lawv lub peev xwm tshawb pom.
Puas Yog Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Dos Tau Muaj Cov Tshuaj Lawv Pom?
Muaj ib qho kev xav tsis zoo tias cov dev nrhiav tshuaj yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj uas lawv ntes tau. Qhov no tsis muaj tseeb, raws li kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj dev yeej tsis tau noj tshuaj. Cov dev raug cob qhia kom ceeb toom lawv cov neeg tuav haujlwm thaum lawv hnov cov tshuaj, tab sis lawv yeej tsis raug rau cov tshuaj lawv tus kheej. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau rau cov dev no los ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Cov dev tsuas yog ua lawv txoj hauj lwm thiab yeej tsis noj tshuaj.
Conclusion
Nyob rau hauv xaus, kev tshawb nrhiav tshuaj dev yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev tawm tsam tshuaj. Lawv tau txais kev cob qhia zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv lawv lub siab xav hnov tsw los xyuas cov tshuaj txhaum cai. Nrog rau kev cob qhia thiab kev saib xyuas kom raug, cov dev no tuaj yeem yog ib qho khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua kom cov zej zog muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov neeg ua phem.
